Acquisition, Processing and Analysis of Space Images at Risks Management of Natural and Technogenic Emergencies

Maintenance of all‐round safety of the person, society, the state and the world community became a priority of the next decades, has turned to one of overall objectives for strategy of a civilization existence in modern and predicted conditions. Scientific‐technical and social‐economic progress of last centuries has considerably changed the world, essentially having improved working conditions, quality of a life, education and culture. At the same time, technological progress has shown the negative side connected with an exhaustion of resource possibilities of the Earth and extensive character of their operation, a number of the crisis phenomena in social, economic, political spheres, and with the advent of new technogenic threats. Interdependence of natural and technogenic spheres has essentially amplified. Natural and technogenic dangers are an integral part of a life for the population of modern Europe. The probability of occurrence of natural and technogenic accidents considerably increases possibility of that in a zone of emergency there will be the territories sated with engineering constructions and utility‐power systems. In the largest cities natural disasters are capable to cause a series of technogenic failures (fires, explosions, emissions of chemical substances etc.), having catastrophic consequences. Natural cataclysms, such as flooding, typhoons, a tsunami, volcanic eruptions, droughts and forest fires, lead to different consequences and depend how the society prepares for them, predicting their occurrence, and what measures accepts after their approach. For example, building constructions, which are not answering to standards of seism stability in area where the probability of earthquakes is high, obviously increases number of possible victims, and thereby human scales of misfortune. For decrease in losses, increases of stability for functioning of productive‐economic and social systems at all levels (interstate, the countries, territories, the enterprises, and the organizations), it is necessary to carry out measures of protection from emergency. However, realization of protection measures is connected with considerable expenses that demands to correlate with expense from a prevented damage. 159 necessary to estimate efficiency of actions for their decrease based on all saved up data sharing (the integrated data ware). These actions should provide realization of management strategy by the risks, reflecting activity mainstreams on achievement of a comprehensible risk level in all its aspects. Thus, each strategy demands reception and processing of the certain kind and type information. Correct interpretation of the information about a condition and functioning of dangerous objects, about their interrelations, and also about geophysical both other …